Dvaitamu sukhama

From Sahityam

[edit] Lyrics

[edit] Pallavi

[edit] Anupallavi

[edit] Charanam

[edit] Variations

• ⁴tyAgarAjArcita – tyAgarAja nuta.

[edit] Commentary

• ¹dvaitamu – advaitamu – The following are the statements of Sri Tyagaraja –
  • In his prologue to dance-drama ‘Prahlada Bhakti Vijayam’:

    saguNa nirguNamula samamugAneJcu suguNa rAma brahma sutuDaina tyAgarAju...
    ....tyAgarAja - the son of virtuous rAma brahma - who considers the worship of Lord with Form and without Form on equal footing...

  • In the Kriti Paramatmudu rAga vAgadhIzwari –

    paramAtmuDu veligE muccaTa bAga telusukOrE saguNamulO viguNamulO
    ....Know unerringly the grandeur with which the Supreme Lord is effulgent ... He is found with qualities – sattva, rajas and tamas, and bereft of qualities...

  • In the Kriti Anuragamu leni rAga saraswati –

    saguNa dhyAnamu paini saukhyamu
    ....comfort experienced in the meditation on Lord with form (qualities)

  • In the Kriti ‘nI bhajana gAna – rAga nAyaki –

    saguNa nirguNa nijamu dabbaralanu ...santasilla kaNTini
    ... truth and falsehood of worship of the Lord with attributes and without attributes ... I beheld exultingly...

  • In the Kriti – ‘sundaratara dEham’ – rAga pantuvarALi, He calls the Lord zrI rAma – ‘zivam-advaitam’ – the auspicious One and the One without dualitiy.
  • In the Kriti ‘rAma sItArAma rAma’ – rAga balahaMsa, –

    advaita sAmrAjyamul(a)bbin(a)TTu rAma
    sad-vairAgyamu nidhiyu sAyujyamE rAma
    In the same manner as attainment of the empire of non-duality, the wealth of real indifference to Worldly pleasures too amounts to one-ness with You.

  • In the Kriti E dari sancharintura rAga zrutiraJjani, He asks the Lord which path he should follow – dvaita or advaita:

    E dAri saJcarinturA-yika balkarA
    anni tAnanu mArgamunanu canaga
    nannu vIDanu bhAramani-yADedavu
    tannu brOvu dAsa varadA-yaNTE
    dvaituD-anedavu tyAgarAja nuta
    Please tell me now as to which path should I adhere. If I go in the path of Advaita – all is Self only, You say that it is difficult to overcome ego; if I pray ‘please protect me, O bestower of boons to the devotees’, You say that I am a Dvaitin.

• ²caitanyamA – sarva sAkSi – O Pure Consciousness! O Witness of Everything (everybody)! These two epithets go to show the bent of mind of Sri Tyagaraja.
  • Sri Tyagaraja is not the first person to raise such a query. There has been no definitive and final answer for millenniums. The following quotation from aSTavakra gIta is relevant –

kva dharmaH kva ca vA kAmaH kva cArthaH kva vivEkatA |
kva dvaitaM kva ca vA(a)dvaitaM svamahimni sthitasya mE || 19-2 ||

For me, established in my own glory, there is no religion, sensuality, possessions, philosphy, duality or even non-duality. (Translation by John Richards). Source - [Ashtavakra Gita]

• ³bhuvana – this word generally means living creatures, mankind etc. But this word also means ‘water’. In the context of five elements – ‘water’ seems to be appropriate the meaning.

[edit] Renditions